Die Impedanzspektroskopie ermöglicht interessante Anwendungen bei der Analyse von biologischem Material. Da bei einer Messung die Superposition aller die Impedanz beeinflussenden Effekte gemessen wird, ist die Interpretation der Messergebnisse häufig sehr schwierig, eine Untersuchung einzelner Bestandteile einer Probe nur bedingt möglich. Eine mögliche Lösung dieses Problems stellt die anregungsimpulsbasierte Impedanzspektroskopie dar. Bei diesem neuen Messverfahren wird ein monophasischer Rechteckpotentialimpuls an die Probe angelegt und die Stromantwort des Systems gemessen. In dieser Arbeit werden vier verschiedene Ionenlösungen verglichen. Basierend auf dem Relaxationsverhalten der Lösungen kann zwischen alkalischen und erdalkalischen Lösungen unterschieden werden.

The use of carbon neutral heat sources such as industrial waste heat or large-scale heat pumps requires the existence of district heating networks (DHNs). The automated planning of new DHNs is a task frequently addressed in the scientific literature. Automated planning often uses the street network and geographic information system tools. Based on the potential routes for DHNs defined by the street network, the optimal DHN topology can be found using e.g. shortest path algorithms or a mixed-integer programming approach. However, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, all available approaches verify their algorithms with use cases ranging in size from villages to small cities. In addition, DHNs already exist in almost all metropolitan areas in Central Europe. The main challenge in metropolitan areas is to find the optimal DHN expansion to connect new consumers to the already existing DHN. The DHN expansion may lead to overloading of existing DHN pipes or producers, which has to be considered in the planning process. Furthermore, for larger DHNs with more than one producer, the proper operation of the DHN must be ensured even if an outtake occurs at one of the producers. Therefore, resilience has to be considered in the planning process. In this work, we present an algorithm for automated and optimal expansion planning of DHNs. The algorithm guarantees that the DHN expansion does not lead to overloads in the existing or in the added DHN pipes. In addition, a possible outtake of one producer is considered in the planning process, resulting in a resilient DHN. The algorithm is tested using a case study with more than 3000 consumers and ten generation units.

As demand for last-mile deliveries increases, there is a growing interest in deploying autonomous delivery robots on sidewalks. However, this presents significant technical and legal challenges that need to be addressed. These systems must not only be capable, robust, and safe but also comply with applicable traffic laws. This paper explores the legal context and resulting technical and operational requirements for mobile robots on sidewalks using Germany as an example. As the largest economy in Europe and the first country with a legal framework for autonomous vehicles, Germany offers valuable insights into the integration of robots into public spaces and traffic. We outline specific technical and legal requirements for implementing delivery robots on sidewalks by taking a traffic law perspective and using two prototype vehicles as a case study. In consultation with a technical inspection association and local approval authorities, the necessary technical equipment features, operating requirements, and required permits were determined. The insights gained from this research not only provide valuable information on this pressing issue but also contribute to international discussions on the future and technical constraints of last-mile automation. Our study offers significant insights into the integration of any type of compact robot on sidewalks beyond just delivery robots and can assist the development of technical and legal requirements for mobile robots in urban public spaces.

Die Herausgabe von „Ostwalds Klassikern der exakten Wissenschaften“ wird aus Sicht von Wilhelm Ostwalds wissenschaftsorganisatorischen Aktivitäten als Ausdruck des Ökonomieprinzips im Sinne seiner Naturphilosophie interpretiert. Ostwald selbst kann als Klassiker der Wissenschaftsgeschichte, besonders auch als Klassiker der zu ihr gehörenden Geschichte wissenschaftlicher Information und Kommunikation gesehen werden. Die Sicht Ostwalds auf die „Klassiker“ als didaktisches Medium führt zur grundsätzlichen Frage nach dem Wozu von Wissenschaftsgeschichte im Hochschulbereich. Als Teilantwort wird hier betont, dass die Beschäftigung mit Wissenschaftsgeschichte die Reflexion über die philosophische Erkenntnisproblematik, über die Methodik wissenschaftlichen Arbeitens und auch über den Umgang mit Information fördern kann.

In this demo, we would like to introduce a new wrist and forearm tele-rehabilitation system between the patient and the physical therapist. To provide haptic feedback between these two parties, an impedance controller was developed between these two systems. By changing the stiffness and damping coefficients, the quality of communication between these two systems is changed. This is a very useful system for tele- and home rehabilitation. Position, velocity, and torque data from both robots were collected and analyzed to verify that haptic feedback was generated. This data is also stored and sent to the physical therapist.

The air transport sector’s contribution to anthropogenic climate forcing is estimated at around 4 %. In this respect, alternative fuels are considered as a key measure to reduce greenhouse gas emissions within the air transport system and thus to reduce the contribution of commercial aviation to anthropogenic climate change. Nevertheless, so far the usage-shares of alternative fuels are below 1 %. Thus, the goal of this paper is to analyse a broad selection of aviation fuel options for their greenhouse gas reduction potential based and to derive scenarios for their potential future development. The fuel options studied are blended synthetic kerosene and neat synthetic kerosene fuels, three alcohols (methanol, ethanol and butanol) and three gases (methane, ammonia and hydrogen). General socio-economic preconditions and requirements within the air transport system were identified. Key Levers for a successful transition towards renewably sourced energies appear to be the development of aviation's energy demand, the ramp-up of production capacities and the willingness to cover the cost of the energy transition.

In nanophotonics, we introduce permittivity-driven quasi-BICs (ε-qBICs), achieved by embedding identical resonators in a refractive index-contrasting medium. Integrating electro-optic polyaniline enables electrically reconfigurable ε-qBICs with rapid switching and durability, advancing tunable metasurfaces for on-chip optics, sensing, and adaptive photonic applications without modifying resonator geometry.