An on-chip programmable valley optoelectronic nanocircuit

In transition metal dichalcogenides, the valley degree of freedom directly couples valley-polarized excitons, excited by circularly polarized light to valley-dependent chiral photons, enabling ultrafast light-driven valleytronics. However, achieving fully integrated valley optoelectronics, incorporating on-chip in situ generation, selective routing and electrical readout of valley-dependent chiral photons, remains an unresolved challenge. Here we present a valley-driven hybrid optoelectronic nanocircuit that integrates chirality-selective meta-waveguide photodetectors with transition metal dichalcogenides. At room temperature, our purposely designed meta-waveguide device generates near-unity valley-dependent chiral photons in the second-harmonic generation from an encapsulated tungsten disulfide monolayer and selectively couples them to unidirectional waveguide modes, achieving an exceptional polarization selectivity of 0.97. These valley-dependent waveguide modes were subsequently detected by atomically thin few-layer tungsten diselenide photodetectors, exclusively responsive to the above-bandgap upconverted photons, thereby enabling all-on-chip processing of valley-multiplexed images. Our demonstration bridges a critical gap in lightwave valleytronics, paving the way for compact, programmable and scalable valley information processing and fostering the development of light-based valleytronic quantum technologies.

Subjects

Nanophotonics and plasmonics

Optoelectronic devices and components

Silicon photonics

DDC Class

600: Technology

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An on-chip programmable valley optoelectronic nanocircuit