Rho, JunsukJunsukRhoSheu, Jinn-KongJinn-KongSheuForbes, AndrewAndrewForbesTsai, Din PingDin PingTsaiAlú, AndreaAndreaAlúLi, WeiWeiLiBrongersma, Mark L.Mark L.BrongersmaChoi, JoonheeJoonheeChoiGarcia de Abajo, F. JavierF. JavierGarcia de AbajoNa Liu, LauraLauraNa LiuSzameit, AlexanderAlexanderSzameitSchloemer, TracyTracySchloemerTittl, AndreasAndreasTittlChemnitz, MarioMarioChemnitzWang, ChengChengWangZhang, JiejunJiejunZhangKivshar, YuriYuriKivsharCui, Tie JunTie JunCuiMa, Ren-MinRen-MinMaQiu, Cheng-WeiCheng-WeiQiuLu, CuicuiCuicuiLuHuang, Yao-WeiYao-WeiHuangSolis Prosser, Miguel AngelMiguel AngelSolis ProsserBenea-chelmus Ileana-cristinaGrange, RachelRachelGrangeKim, SungjinSungjinKimGomes, Anderson S. L.Anderson S. L.GomesRamaccia, DavideDavideRamacciaWan, YatingYatingWanArgyris, ApostolosApostolosArgyrisSouza Filho, Antonio GAntonio GSouza FilhoChakraborty, TanmoyTanmoyChakrabortyMatricardi, CristianoCristianoMatricardi2026-09-072026-09-072026-09-04npj Science of Learning 11 (1): 49 (2026)https://hdl.handle.net/11420/64643Bringing together researchers, funders, industry partners, and publishers from 14 countries across five continents, we advance the debate around open-science, assessment and learning. We introduce an integrative “open-knowledge system” framework linking knowledge production, validation, assessment, and reuse into one ecosystem view, and translate it into actionable recommendations for each stakeholder. Shifting focus to modular, machine-readable knowledge objects, these recommendations are intended to help diagnose misaligned incentives and guide reforms that properly value all scientific contributions.en2056-793620261Nature Publishing Group UKhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Computer Science, Information and General Works::001: KnowledgeJournal Article2026-09-0510.1038/s41539-026-00449-z10.15480/882.18210