Metsoviti, MariaMariaMetsovitiZeng, An-PingAn-PingZengKoutinas, Apostolis A.Apostolis A.KoutinasPapanikolaou, SeraphimSeraphimPapanikolaou2020-08-032020-08-032012-12-07Journal of Biotechnology 4 (163): 408-418 (2013)http://hdl.handle.net/11420/6938The production of 1,3-propanediol (PD) by a newly isolated Citrobacter freundii strain [FMCC-B 294 (VK-19)] was investigated. Different grades of biodiesel-derived glycerol were employed. Slightly lower PD biosynthesis was observed in batch experiments only when crude glycerol from waste-cooking oil trans-esterification was utilized and only at elevated initial substrate concentrations employed. Batch bioreactor cultures revealed the capability of the strain to tolerate elevated amounts of substrate (glycerol up to 170. g/L) and produce quantities of PD in such high substrate concentrations. Nevertheless, maximum PD quantities (45.9. g/L) were achieved at lower initial glycerol concentrations (∼100. g/L) employed, suggesting some inhibition exerted due to the increased initial substrate concentrations. In order to improve PD production, a fed-batch fermentation was carried out and 68.1. g/L of PD were produced (the highest PD quantity achieved by C. freundii strains so far) with yield per glycerol consumed ∼0.40. g/g and volumetric productivity 0.79. g/L/h. Aiming to perform a more economical and eco-friendlier procedure, batch and fed-batch fermentations under completely non-sterile conditions were carried out. During non-sterilized fed-batch process, 176. g/L of raw glycerol were converted to 66.3. g/L of PD, suggesting the potentiality of the non-sterile fermentation by C. freundii FMCC-B 294.en1873-486320124408418Elsevier Science1,3-PropanediolBiodieselCitrobacter freundiiCrude glycerolNon-sterile bioprocessBiowissenschaften, BiologieJournal Article10.1016/j.jbiotec.2012.11.018Journal Article