Grimaldi, S.S.GrimaldiKao S.-C.Castellarin, A.A.CastellarinPapalexiou, Simon MichaelSimon MichaelPapalexiouViglione, A.A.ViglioneLaio, F.F.LaioAksoy, H.H.AksoyGedikli, A.A.Gedikli2025-10-092025-10-092011-01-01Treatise on water science Vol. 2: 479-517 (2011)978-0-444-53195-7https://hdl.handle.net/11420/57945Hydrological phenomena such as precipitation, floods, and droughts are inherently random by nature. Due to the complexity of the hydrologic system, these physical processes are not fully understood and reliable deterministic mathematical models are still to be developed. Therefore, in order to provide useful analyses for designing hydraulic facilities and infrastructures, statistical approaches have been commonly adopted. This chapter describes some statistical topics widely used in hydrology. Among the large number of subjects available in literature, the attention is focalized on some of them particularly useful either for innovative hydrological analyses or for an appropriate application of common procedures.Precisely, the chapter describes in details the stationary hypothesis on hydrological time series, the univariate extreme value analysis procedure, the intensity-duration-frequency curves, the copula function useful for multivariate analysis, and the regional flood frequency analysis.enCopula functionExtreme rainfall analysisExtreme value analysisGoodness-of-fit testsIDF - intensity duration frequency curvesL-momentsMultivariate distributionsNonstationary time seriesRegional index floodRFFA - regional flood frequency analysisTime series segmentationTrend detectionTechnology::600: TechnologyBook Part10.1016/B978-0-444-53199-5.00046-4Book Chapter