Kruse, KarstenKarstenKruseSeifert, ChristianChristianSeifert2023-04-032023-04-032023-03-31Semigroup Forum 106 (2): 421-443 (2023-04)http://hdl.handle.net/11420/15090We consider final state observability estimates for bi-continuous semigroups on Banach spaces, i.e. for every initial value, estimating the state at a final time T>0 by taking into account the orbit of the initial value under the semigroup for t in [0,T], measured in a suitable norm. We state a sufficient criterion based on an uncertainty relation and a dissipation estimate and provide two examples of bi-continuous semigroups which share a final state observability estimate, namely the Gauß–Weierstraß semigroup and the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck semigroup on the space of bounded continuous functions. Moreover, we generalise the duality between cost-uniform approximate null-controllability and final state observability estimates to the setting of locally convex spaces for the case of bounded and continuous control functions, which seems to be new even for the case of Banach spaces.en1432-213720232421443Springerhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Final state observability estimateBi-continuous semigroupsCost-uniform approximate null-controllabilitySaks spaceMixed topologyMathematikJournal Article10.15480/882.503210.1007/s00233-023-10346-110.15480/882.50322206.00562Journal Article