Siegmund, TheresaTheresaSiegmundGollmer, ChristianChristianGollmerHorstmann, NiklasNiklasHorstmannKaltschmitt, MartinMartinKaltschmitt2024-07-312024-07-312024-07Fuel Processing Technology 262: 108111 (2024)https://hdl.handle.net/11420/48586The additivation of solid biofuels has proven to be an effective method for reducing total particulate matter (TPM) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions, as well as for reducing ash-related problems related to, e.g., fouling and slagging. During the combustion with additives, potassium (K) released from the solid biofuels is bound into temperature-stable compounds, thus preventing the formation of inorganic (i.e., K-based) TPM. Simultaneously by reducing K in the gas phase, the inhibition of gas-phase oxidation (e.g., CO oxidation) due to interference of K within the existing radical pool is hindered. Particularly kaolin, an aluminum-silicate-based additive has proven effective in reducing not only TPM but also CO emissions. The mitigation effects on CO emissions have previously been reported mostly in a subordinate role and explanations are given in the form of hypotheses. In this study, seven additives (i.e., kaolin, kaolinite, meta-kaolinite, aluminum hydroxide, muscovite, muscovite coated with titanium dioxide and kalsilite, each at 0.3 wt%a.r.) were investigated during wood pellet combustion in a smallscale furnace (7.8 kW). For both CO and TPM emissions, kaolin proved to be most effective (i.e., − 52% CO, − 49% TPM), followed by muscovite, kaolinite, TiO2 coated muscovite, aluminum hydroxide, and meta-kaolinite.en0378-38202024Science Directhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Technology::660: Chemical EngineeringJournal Article10.15480/882.1318210.1016/j.fuproc.2024.10811110.15480/882.13182Journal Article