Díaz Ferreyra, NicolásNicolásDíaz FerreyraKhelifi, SirineSirineKhelifiArachchilage, NalinNalinArachchilageScandariato, RiccardoRiccardoScandariato2025-07-162025-07-16202518th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Cooperative and Human Aspects of Software Engineering, CHASE 2025https://hdl.handle.net/11420/56270Privacy and security are central to the design of information systems endowed with sound data protection and cyber resilience capabilities. Still, developers often struggle to incorporate these properties into software projects as they either lack proper cybersecurity training or do not consider them a priority. Prior work has tried to support privacy and security engineering activities through threat modeling methods for scrutinizing flaws in system architectures. Moreover, several techniques for the automatic identification of vulnerabilities and the generation of secure code implementations have also been proposed in the current literature. Conversely, such as-code approaches seem under-investigated in the privacy domain, with little work elaborating on (i) the automatic detection of privacy properties in source code or (ii) the generation of privacy-friendly code. In this work, we seek to characterize the current research landscape of Privacy as Code (PaC) methods and tools by conducting a rapid literature review. Our results suggest that PaC research is in its infancy, especially regarding the performance evaluation and usability assessment of the existing approaches. Based on these findings, we outline and discuss prospective research directions concerning empirical studies with software practitioners, the curation of benchmark datasets, and the role of generative AI technologies.enautomated software engineeringprivacy as codeprivacy engineeringrapid literature reviewusabilityComputer Science, Information and General Works::004: Computer SciencesConference Paper10.1109/CHASE66643.2025.00028Conference Paper