Mgbemere, Henry EkeneHenry EkeneMgbemereSchneider, Gerold A.Gerold A.SchneiderSchmitt, Ljubomira AnaLjubomira AnaSchmittHinterstein, Jan ManuelJan ManuelHinterstein2019-10-012019-10-012017-03-01Journal of Ceramic Science and Technology 1 (8): 45-52 (2017-03-01)http://hdl.handle.net/11420/3475In situ applied-electric-field high-resolution X-ray diffraction has been used to study the field-induced response of Mn-doped (K0.48Na0.48Li0.04)NbO3 (KNN-L) ceramics produced using the conventional mixed-oxide processing route. Ferroelectric domains are observed with transmission electron microscopy with indications of nano-segregation of Mn. Rietveld refinement (FULLPROF Suite) is used to refine the diffraction patterns, and a phase change from orthorhombic symmetry with space group Amm2 to tetragonal symmetry with space group P4mm is observed when the applied field exceeds 1.4 kV/mm. Phase coexistence between the two phases is also observed at applied fields between 1.2 kV/mm and 1.3 kV/mm with possible implications of being the coercive field EC value of the sample. A better understanding of the structural behaviour of this type of lead-free ceramics will lead to improvements in their piezoelectric and electromechanical properties.en2190-9385201714552Göller(K Na )NbO x 1-x 3Electric fieldHigh resolutionLead-free ceramicsX-ray diffractionTechnikIngenieurwissenschaftenJournal Article10.4416/JCST2016-00074Other