# SMARTe EIS Sensor Interface – Cadence Virtuoso Design Files \& MATLAB/Simulink Analysis Data

## DOI

\[Awaiting DOI]

TORE entry Identifiers
	DOI: https://doi.org/10.15480/882.16892
	Handle: https://hdl.handle.net/11420/62226

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## Authors

|Name|Affiliation|ORCID|Contact|
|-|-|-|-|
|Anupam Hari Kumar|Laboratory for Microelectronics - IMTEK University of Freiburg|\[0009-0009-5613-1257]|anupam.kumar@imtek.uni-freiburg.de|
|Maximilian Becker|Inst. for Mechatronics in Mechanics, Hamburg University of Technology|\[0000-0001-8137-5135]|maximilian.becker@tuhh.de|
|Maike Orth|Inst. of Solids Process Eng. \& Particle Tech., Hamburg Univ. of Technology|\[0000-0002-0220-7705]|maike.orth@tuhh.de|

## Contact Person for Long-Term Inquiries

Anupam Hari Kumar

Laboratory for Microelectronics - IMTEK

University of Freiburg

anupam.kumar@imtek.uni-freiburg.de

## Date

2026-03-14  
Version: 1.0

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## Project Description

This dataset originates from the SMARTe project (funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG – SFB 1615 - 503850735 - TP A07) and supports the development of a smart sensor node for electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in industrial fluidized bed granulators. The system follow a conceptualized design approach to integrate  a lock-in amplifier (LIA) architecture implemented as a custom ASIC in X-FAB 180 nm CMOS technology (xh018, 1.8V), along with off-the-shelf components for power supply and wireless components, targeting in-situ monitoring of particle coating processes.

This dataset and the associated processing scripts are part of a publication currently submitted to *ACS Sensors*.

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## Dataset Contents

### Directory Structure

```
data/
├── Cadence Virtuoso/                         # ASIC schematic and layout design files
│   ├── SMARTe\\\_V2/                            # Top-level integration (core assembly and pad frame)
│   ├── SMARTe\\\_TIA\\\_V2\\\_1/                      # Transimpedance amplifier and feedback networks
│   ├── SMARTe\\\_FD3A\\\_V2\\\_1/                     # Fully differential difference amplifier and LPFs
│   └── SMARTe\\\_Mixer\\\_V2\\\_1/                    # Passive switching mixer
└── MATLAB/                                   # System analysis and measurement post-processing
    ├── Measurements/
    │   ├── Measurement Data and Surface Plots/  # EIS measurement visualization scripts
    │   └── Process Parameter Relations/         # Capacitance \\\& impedance vs. process parameters
    └── System Analysis/                      # System-level MATLAB scripts and Simulink models
```

### Analysis \& Simulation Structure Overview

**`Cadence Virtuoso/`**  
Contains the Cadence Virtuoso design libraries for the SMARTe\_V2 ASIC, implemented in X-FAB 180 nm CMOS (xh018) at 1.8V. The design is modular, with each library corresponding to a distinct functional block:

* `SMARTe\\\_V2`: Top-level integration including core assembly and pad frame.
* `SMARTe\\\_TIA\\\_V2\\\_1`: Transimpedance amplifier (TIA) and associated feedback networks.
* `SMARTe\\\_FD3A\\\_V2\\\_1`: Fully Differential Difference Amplifier (FDDA) and low-pass filter stages.
* `SMARTe\\\_Mixer\\\_V2\\\_1`: Passive switching mixer for lock-in demodulation.

**`MATLAB/Measurements/Measurement Data and Surface Plots/`**  
MATLAB scripts for visualization of experimental EIS data acquired from measurement setup. Includes Bode plot generation, coating experiment analysis with drying dynamics, and physical system model scripts for fitting and validation.

**`MATLAB/Measurements/Process Parameter Relations/`**  
MATLAB scripts relating granulation process parameters to EIS-derived electrical quantities. Covers capacitance extraction from impedance spectra and transfer functions, thickness–impedance relationships, and process trend visualization.

**`MATLAB/System Analysis/`**  
System-level MATLAB scripts and Simulink models for analysis of the EIS sensor interface and LIA architecture. Includes optimal feedback component sizing, Bode analysis of the EIS signal path, Simulink models of the impedance spectroscopy front-end and lock-in amplifier, and parametric loop gain analysis.

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## Methods \& Software

### System Analysis (MATLAB / Simulink)

* **Software:** MATLAB / Simulink
* **Scope:** Analytical and numerical modeling of the LIA-based EIS front-end. Scripts compute optimal feedback network values, evaluate loop stability via loop gain analysis, and characterize the EIS signal path through Bode analysis. Simulink models provide behavioral validation of the impedance spectroscopy front-end and lock-in amplifier.

### Experimental Analysis (MATLAB)

* **Software:** MATLAB
* **Scope:** Scripts process raw EIS measurement data. Physical system models are fitted to experimental data; Bode plots are generated for impedance characterization. Capacitance values are extracted and correlated with granule coating thickness and process conditions.

### ASIC Design (Cadence Virtuoso)

* **Software:** Cadence Virtuoso (schematic entry, layout, and post-layout simulation)
* **Technology:** X-FAB xh018 – 180 nm CMOS, 1.8V supply
* **Scope:** Full custom analog IC design covering schematic capture, symbol creation, layout, and design rule checking (DRC/LVS) for all four functional libraries.

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## Usage Instructions

### Dependencies

* **MATLAB scripts (`.m`):** Require MATLAB (The MathWorks). The Signal Processing Toolbox may be required for frequency-domain analysis functions.
* **Simulink models (`.slx`):** Require MATLAB with Simulink. Models were developed and tested in \[PLACEHOLDER – MATLAB/Simulink version].
* **Cadence Virtuoso files:** Require Cadence Virtuoso IC design suite with the X-FAB xh018 PDK installed. Library files should be integrated into an existing Cadence design environment (CIW/cds.lib).

### Notes

Cadence Virtuoso library files are provided as exported library archives. MATLAB scripts are self-contained and can be run directly from the MATLAB editor. It is recommended to set the working directory to the relevant subfolder before execution.

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## License

This dataset is provided under the **CC BY 4.0** (Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International) License.

The design files and scripts are openly provided for reuse, verification, and adaptation, provided appropriate credit is given to the original authors.

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## Citation

Please cite this dataset as:

* Kumar, A. H., Orth, M., Becker, M., Kern, T. A., Heinrich, S., Kuhl, M. (2026). Towards Smart Sensor Particles for Fluidized Bed Granulators Using Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy – Cadence Virtuoso Design Files \& MATLAB/Simulink Analysis Data. University of Freiburg. DOI: \[TBD]

