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    Item type:Publication, Access status: without files ,
    Schwefeldioxidentfernung aus Rauchgasen mittels flüssigkeitsbedüster Gas/Feststoffwirbelschichten
    (1999-12)
    Mow, Matthias
    ;
    Will, Heiko
    ;
    Mörl, Lothar
    ;
    Heinrich, Stefan
    This article deals with SO 2-absorption out of gases in liquid-sprayed gas/solid fluidized beds. The aim of this problem ist to show an alternative process to clean gases from sulfur dioxid. The process of absorption in liquid-sprayed gas/solid fluidized beds connects the advantages of compact measurement of apparatus an low costs of investment with high rate of SO 2-absorption. The physically-based mathematical model and the experiments on a fluidized bed-apparatus DN 400 show that there is no problem to get high rate of absorption with this process.
    Publicationtype: Journal Article
      13
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    Item type:Publication, Access status: without files ,
    Fluidized bed spray granulation-A new model for the description of particle wetting and of temperature and concentration distribution
    (1999-09)
    Heinrich, Stefan
    ;
    Mörl, Lothar
    This article presents a physically-based mathematical model for the description of particle wetting and of temperature and concentration distribution in fluidized bed spray-granulation. The air humidity, air temperature, degree of wetness of the particles, liquid film temperature and particle temperature can all be calculated while taking into account the apparatus wall, the influence of the environment and of heating surfaces, which might be implemented in the fluidized bed. The effects which the unsteady start-up and shut-down procedures, as well as the alteration of process parameters, such as the mass flow rate of the liquid sprayed in with a jet and the liquid temperature as well as the fluidizing airflow rate and air temperature, have on the balance quantities, can be simulated. The bed mass and particle diameter growth in discontinuous granulation are taken into account and the two-dimensional calculation of the temperature and concentration distributions were carried out for the steady, continuous fluidized bed spray-granulation. The validation of the model was carried out at the Institute using a semi-industrial fluidized bed plant with a diameter of 0.4 m in the bed area. Dimensionless constants are proposed for the evaluation of the process.
    Publicationtype: Journal Article
      33
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    Modelling of the batch treatment of wet granular solids with superheated steam in fluidized beds
    (1999-03)
    Heinrich, Stefan
    ;
    Krüger, Gerhard
    ;
    Mörl, Lothar
    This article deals with the batch treatment of granular solids with superheated steam. The treatment of these solids by fluidisation, drying and roasting is described. The benefits of this treatment above other alternatives are energety savings, better product quality and higher plant safety. A physically justified mathematical model was set up, which makes the calculation of the time-dependent process parameters possible (e.g. apparatus wall temperature, bed height-dependent steam temperature and average steam temperature, steam outlet temperature, solid temperature as well as the solid humidity). For a process evaluation dimensionless characteristic numbers are formed. Experimental investigations for different operating conditions are in agreement with numeric calculations of the model. For a dynamic control of the desired final humidity of the solid, the temperature of the steam outlet should be constantly observed.
    Publicationtype: Journal Article
      13
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    Item type:Publication, Access status: without files ,
    Description of the temperature, humidity, and concentration distribution in gas-liquid-solid fluidized beds
    (1999-02)
    Heinrich, Stefan
    ;
    Mörl, Lothar
    Communication: The computation of the drying kinetics in fluidized bed spraying granulation plants is possible with the models introduced. Starting from mass and energy balances, the models describe the influences of local liquid input, nonideal solid and liquid mixing, heat transport by the solids, and the height-dependent degree of wetness. Conclusions about the existence of an active zone and constant gas temperatures in the central region of the fluidized bed are made.
    Publicationtype: Journal Article
      15
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    Description of the temperature, humidity and concentration distribution in gas-liquid-solid fluidised beds
    (1999)
    Heinrich, Stefan
    ;
    Mörl, Lothar
    This work presents physically based mathematical mass- and heat transfer models for processes of granulation, agglomeration and coating in fluidised beds. Starting from mass and energy balances, the models describe the influences of local liquid input, non-ideal solid and liquid mixing, heat transport by the solids, and a place-dependent degree of wetness. A coefficient for the heat or mass transfer solid-liquid film, solid-gas and gas-liquid films was defined. The place-dependent functions of gas and solid temperatures, gas humidity, gas enthalpy, liquid concentration, as well as the degree-of-wetness, are presented. The main conclusions of the model are the existence of an active zone in the liquid feed and, furthermore, of a central region in the fluidised bed, characterised by constant gas temperatures.
    Publicationtype: Journal Article
      11
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    Item type:Publication, Access status: without files ,
      18