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Item type:Publication, Access status: with files , Improving the quality and quantity of source-separated household food waste in areas of different socio-economic characteristics: a case study from Lübeck, Germany(2019-09); ; ; A method aiming at improving source-separation performance of household food waste (FW) was investigated in two areas with different socio-economic characteristics in Lübeck, Germany.This included the test of a new FW collection system including the distribution of small collection buckets to each household. In addition, an information event was organized and households were provided with information material includingawaste sorting guide. The study also aimed at assessing the FW avoidance potential. A method for waste composition analysis for FW from households was applied for the assessment. Both areasshowed an increase ofthe source-separation of FW from 17.4% to 60.3% (A, socio-economic lowarea) and from 16.6% to 65.7% (B, socio-economic mediumarea) respectively. Compared to the waste compositionin the bio-waste (BW) bin prior the investigation, macro-impurities (including paperwaste) reduced from around 6.1% to 0.6%(A) and from 13.6% to 1.2% (B). In this respect, the investigated collection system showed a significant improvement to the regular waste collection system.Publicationtype: Conference Paper327 267 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Access status: without files , 80 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Access status: with files , Report on results for household food waste collection and decentralised shredding in the “Lübeck-case” : DECISIVE Deliverable D3.6 : a decentralised management scheme for innovative valorisation of urban biowasteThis study focuses on the collection and characterisation of bio-waste and in particular food waste (FW) as the core-substrate of DECISIVE. These issues are investigated in a case-study performed at the eco-settlement Lübeck-Flintenbreite (LF), which is part of the City of Lübeck (LC). Within the study, the locations are characterised, whereby LF specifically includes explanations on the settlement structures and LC focuses on the current applied collection and treatment procedures for bio-waste including source-separated bio-waste from biobins and non-separated bio-waste from residual waste bins. A waste composition analysis was carried out for wastes from bio-waste bins and residual waste bins comparing waste qualities. A special focus was placed on FW, which was distinguished into ten different fractions. Furthermore, an inventory of the technical infrastructure from LF was carried out. In LF a complete mAD system is available. It was constructed in an earlier project, but is yet to be operated. Specifically, the interface between source-separated bio-waste collection and mAD was investigated: the available decentralised shredder was operated with various source-separated bio-waste samples. Finally, scenarios for the transition of LF towards decentralised bio-waste management and the usability of the available mAD process units were evaluated.Publicationtype: Project Deliverable117 411 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Access status: with files , Biogas and nutrients from blackwater, lawn cuttings and grease trap residues : experiments for Hamburg’s Jenfelder Au districtBackground: The project KREIS focuses on a new combination of renewable energy provision with innovative wastewater treatment, called the “Hamburg Water Cycle®” (HWC) which will be applied in Hamburg’s neighbourhood Jenfelder Au. HWC includes a separate collection of rainwater, greywater and blackwater. Vacuum toilets are used to concentrate the blackwater. Biogas will be produced from the blackwater in an anaerobic digestion process together with co-substrates. The blackwater will be transported to the anaerobic pre-treatment facility via a vacuum system. Construction of water systems started in 2013, and commercialization of houses is planned to be finished in 2018. Methods: The article focuses on research work accompanying the demonstration project. Blackwater and the co-substrates, lawn cuttings and grease trap residues from restaurants and canteens will be considered as bioresources, not as residues. To evaluate the utilization efficiency, three investigation steps were carried out: inventory to determine substrate quantities and qualities, anaerobic digestion to determine biogas production, and evaluation of digestate utilization options. Results: The daily amount of blackwater in Jenfelder Au is calculated to be about 12 m3 (dry matter (DM) 0.6 %; organic dry matter (oDM) 65 % DM; nitrogen (N) 28 % DM; phosphorus (P) 2.7 %). To increase the biogas production, co-substrates will be added. Grease trap residues (averages: DM 2 %; oDM 85 % DM; N 2.5 % DM; P 0.6 % DM) and lawn cuttings (averages: DM 30 %; oDM 80 % DM; N 2.6 % DM; P 0.3 % DM) were selected. The inventory study showed a sufficient potential of lawn cuttings within a 5-km radius. The lawn cuttings must be pre-treated for wet fermentation. Two options were investigated: press juice preparation and wet shredding of the fresh and silage lawn. Batch test was used to determine the biogas potential of the substrates with the following average results: blackwater 500 nl/kg oDM, grease trap residues 1000 nl/kg oDM, lawn cuttings 400 nl/kg oDM and lawn juice 500 nl/kg oDM. The effects of the composition of the substrate mixture and of the retention time in the reactor on biogas quantity and process stability were studied in semi-continuous operating reactors. Experiments showed that a stable process with an average biogas production of 800 nl/kg oDM is, e.g., possible with a mixture of blackwater, press juice of lawn cuttings and grease trap residues in a fresh mass ratio of 1:1:1. Furthermore, the N and P contents in digestates were determined. These nutrients are valuable for fertilization. Conclusion: It has been shown that blackwater combined with local waste streams can be used for biogas generation and that it has a potential as fertilizer. The experiments have shown that co-digestion has a positive effect on biogas yields and lawn cuttings are suitable as co-substrate. Lawn cuttings can be applied as lawn juice or lawn suspension. Ways of an integral utilization and the potential of nutrient recovery are shown in this work.Publicationtype: Journal ArticleScopus© Citations 12 603 416