Convergent Cascade Catalyzed by Monooxygenase–Alcohol Dehydrogenase Fusion Applied in Organic Media

With the aim of applying redox-neutral cascade reactions in organic media, fusions of a type II flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO-E) and horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase (HLADH) were designed. The enzyme orientation and expression vector were found to influence the overall fusion enzyme activity. The resulting bifunctional enzyme retained the catalytic properties of both individual enzymes. The lyophilized cell-free extract containing the bifunctional enzyme was applied for the convergent cascade reaction consisting of cyclobutanone and butane-1,4-diol in different microaqueous media with only 5 % (v/v) aqueous buffer without any addition of external cofactor. Methyl tert-butyl ether and cyclopentyl methyl ether were found to be the best organic media for the synthesis of γ-butyrolactone, resulting in about 27 % analytical yield.

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S.K. thanks the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie (Frankfurt, Germany) for financial support (grant no. SK 196/20). F.S.A. and M.W.F. received funding from the European Union (EU) project ROBOX (grant agreement no. 635734), the EU’s Horizon 2020 Program Research and Innovation actions H2020-LEIT BIO-2014-1.

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Convergent Cascade Catalyzed by Monooxygenase–Alcohol Dehydrogenase Fusion Applied in Organic Media