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Can cloud point-based enrichment, preservation, and detection methods help to bridge gaps in aquatic nanometrology?
Citation Link: https://doi.org/10.15480/882.1786
Publikationstyp
Journal Article
Date Issued
2016-08-24
Sprache
English
Institut
TORE-DOI
Volume
408
Issue
27
Start Page
7551
End Page
7557
Citation
Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry 27 (408): 7551-7557 (2016-11)
Publisher DOI
Scopus ID
Publisher
Springer
Coacervate-based techniques are intensively used in environmental analytical chemistry to enrich and extract different kinds of analytes. Most methods focus on the total content or the speciation of inorganic and organic substances. Size fractionation is less commonly addressed. Within coacervate-based techniques, cloud point extraction (CPE) is characterized by a phase separation of non-ionic surfactants dispersed in an aqueous solution when the respective cloud point temperature is exceeded. In this context, the feature article raises the following question: May CPE in future studies serve as a key tool (i) to enrich and extract nanoparticles (NPs) from complex environmental matrices prior to analyses and (ii) to preserve the colloidal status of unstable environmental samples? With respect to engineered NPs, a significant gap between environmental concentrations and size- and element-specific analytical capabilities is still visible. CPE may support efforts to overcome this "concentration gap" via the analyte enrichment. In addition, most environmental colloidal systems are known to be unstable, dynamic, and sensitive to changes of the environmental conditions during sampling and sample preparation. This delivers a so far unsolved "sample preparation dilemma" in the analytical process. The authors are of the opinion that CPE-based methods have the potential to preserve the colloidal status of these instable samples. Focusing on NPs, this feature article aims to support the discussion on the creation of a convention called the "CPE extractable fraction" by connecting current knowledge on CPE mechanisms and on available applications, via the uncertainties visible and modeling approaches available, with potential future benefits from CPE protocols.
Subjects
Cloud point extraction
Coacervate-based techniques
Colloids
Enrichment
Nanoparticles
Sample preservation
DDC Class
530: Physik
620: Ingenieurwissenschaften
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