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Mining thermophiles for biotechnologically relevant enzymes: evaluating the potential of European and Caucasian hot springs
Citation Link: https://doi.org/10.15480/882.8894
Publikationstyp
Review Article
Date Issued
2024-04
Sprache
English
TORE-DOI
Journal
Volume
28
Article Number
5
Citation
Extremophiles 28: 5 (2024-04)
Publisher DOI
Scopus ID
Publisher
Springer
The development of sustainable and environmentally friendly industrial processes is becoming very crucial and demanding for the rapid implementation of innovative bio-based technologies. Natural extreme environments harbor the potential for discovering and utilizing highly specific and efficient biocatalysts that are adapted to harsh conditions. This review focuses on extremophilic microorganisms and their enzymes (extremozymes) from various hot springs, shallow marine vents, and other geothermal habitats in Europe and the Caucasus region. These hot environments have been partially investigated and analyzed for microbial diversity and enzymology. Hotspots like Iceland, Italy, and the Azores harbor unique microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea. The latest results demonstrate a great potential for the discovery of new microbial species and unique enzymes that can be explored for the development of Circular Bioeconomy. Different screening approaches have been used to discover enzymes that are active at extremes of temperature (up 120 °C), pH (0.1 to 11), high salt concentration (up to 30%) as well as activity in the presence of solvents (up to 99%). The majority of published enzymes were revealed from bacterial or archaeal isolates by traditional activity-based screening techniques. However, the latest developments in molecular biology, bioinformatics, and genomics have revolutionized life science technologies. Post-genomic era has contributed to the discovery of millions of sequences coding for a huge number of biocatalysts. Both strategies, activity- and sequence-based screening approaches, are complementary and contribute to the discovery of unique enzymes that have not been extensively utilized so far.
Subjects
Bidiversity
Caucasus
Enzymes
Europe
Extremophiles
Hot spring
DDC Class
570: Life Sciences, Biology
540: Chemistry
620: Engineering
Publication version
publishedVersion
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s00792-023-01321-3.pdf
Type
Main Article
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3.21 MB
Format
Adobe PDF