Options
Langzeit-Funklokalisierungsverfahren mit extrem energieeffizienten, miniaturisierten Mobilfunkloggern
Citation Link: https://doi.org/10.15480/882.4680
Publikationstyp
Doctoral Thesis
Date Issued
2022
Sprache
German
Author(s)
Advisor
Referee
Title Granting Institution
Technische Universität Hamburg
Place of Title Granting Institution
Hamburg
Examination Date
2022-07-01
Institut
TORE-DOI
Citation
Technische Universität Hamburg (2022)
In the area of wildlife and species conservation and ecology, movement profiles are an important method for spatial and behavioral analyses. Research on the movement behavior of bats imposes high technical demands on appropriate tracking systems. The low weight and the photophobic behavior of European species implies a resource limitation and the necessity to have the energy required for the entire run time from the very beginning, since energy harvesting (e.g. with solar cells) is not feasible. In recent years, several radio localization systems specifically tailored to bats have been published, which can be used to record precise flight movements and the social and hunting behavior of the animals. However, due to their functional principle, only limited ranges and run times can be realized, which makes them unsuitable for long-range migration analyses.
This thesis introduces a novel radio localization method for bat migration analysis that, for the first time, provides position records with consistently high temporal resolution over one migration periode. The method is based on the detection of cellular base stations, whose locations are known a priori and which are used for position estimation. A key point of this work is the system design of a miniaturized cellular logger, which was realized as a software defined radio consisting of an integrated sub-GHz transceiver and an ARM Cortex-M4 microcontroller. For this purpose, a GSM stack optimized for real-time capability was implemented to detect GSM cells in the 900 MHz band and decode their BCCH. In addition to supplementary acceleration and temperature sensing, the logger has a functionality for recovery and data download via an 868 MHz radio interface. Ruggedly constructed with a fiber composite, the logger has a weight of 2.0 g with the form factor of a 1 Eurocent coin and achieved a measurement lifetime of 11.2 months with four measurements per day.
The system was successfully deployed on bats in several field tests. For a two-week short-term deployment with a measurement interval of 10 minutes, the loggers were glued to animals of the species greater mouse-eared bats (Myotis myotis). The recorded data could be downloaded daily by radio in the roost and the movement behavior of the nocturnal excursions could be analyzed. For long-term migration analysis, the loggers were sutured to the skin of common noctules (Nyctalus noctula) and took four measurements per day. This method of attachment, which has been rarely used before, turned out to be insufficient, so only one logger could be recovered. However, its migration behavior could be reconstructed in detail with a previously unreached resolution.
This thesis introduces a novel radio localization method for bat migration analysis that, for the first time, provides position records with consistently high temporal resolution over one migration periode. The method is based on the detection of cellular base stations, whose locations are known a priori and which are used for position estimation. A key point of this work is the system design of a miniaturized cellular logger, which was realized as a software defined radio consisting of an integrated sub-GHz transceiver and an ARM Cortex-M4 microcontroller. For this purpose, a GSM stack optimized for real-time capability was implemented to detect GSM cells in the 900 MHz band and decode their BCCH. In addition to supplementary acceleration and temperature sensing, the logger has a functionality for recovery and data download via an 868 MHz radio interface. Ruggedly constructed with a fiber composite, the logger has a weight of 2.0 g with the form factor of a 1 Eurocent coin and achieved a measurement lifetime of 11.2 months with four measurements per day.
The system was successfully deployed on bats in several field tests. For a two-week short-term deployment with a measurement interval of 10 minutes, the loggers were glued to animals of the species greater mouse-eared bats (Myotis myotis). The recorded data could be downloaded daily by radio in the roost and the movement behavior of the nocturnal excursions could be analyzed. For long-term migration analysis, the loggers were sutured to the skin of common noctules (Nyctalus noctula) and took four measurements per day. This method of attachment, which has been rarely used before, turned out to be insufficient, so only one logger could be recovered. However, its migration behavior could be reconstructed in detail with a previously unreached resolution.
Subjects
Funklokalisation
Mobilfunk
Software Defined Radio
Fledermaustracking
DDC Class
600: Technik
620: Ingenieurwissenschaften
Loading...
Name
Dissertation_Stefan_Erhardt_2022.pdf
Size
13.84 MB
Format
Adobe PDF