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Metal-doped carbons from polyurea-crosslinked alginate aerogel beads
Citation Link: https://doi.org/10.15480/882.3549
Publikationstyp
Journal Article
Date Issued
2021-03-24
Sprache
English
TORE-DOI
TORE-URI
Journal
Volume
2
Issue
8
Start Page
2684
End Page
2699
Citation
Materials Advances 2 (8): 2684-2699 (2021-04-21)
Publisher DOI
Scopus ID
Publisher
Royal Society of Chemistry
Metal-doped polyurea-crosslinked alginate aerogel beads (X-M-alginate; M: Ca, Co, Ni, Cu) were prepared via the reaction of an aromatic triisocyanate (Desmodur RE) with the -OH groups on the surface of pre-formed M-alginate wet gels, and with adsorbed gelation water. The X-M-alginate aerogels consisted of 49-63% polyurea and contained 2-7% metal ions; they were fibrous macro/meso/microporous materials with porosities up to 94% v/v, and BET surface areas 245-486 m2 g-1, comparable to those of native M-alginate aerogels (258-542 m2 g-1). The pyrolysis of X-M-alginate aerogels (M: Co, Ni, Cu) at 800 °C yielded carbon aerogels (X-M-C; 33-37% yield) doped with the corresponding metal (as well as with Cu2O in the case of X-Cu-C), with crystallite sizes of around 22 nm. The X-M-C aerogels retained the general fibrous morphology of their precursor (X-M-alginate) aerogels, and while X-Co-C and X-Ni-C appeared similar, the fibrous morphology of X-Cu-C was distinctly different, indicating an effect of the metal on the nanostructure of the corresponding carbon. The porosities of all X-M-C aerogels were in the range of 88-92% v/v, including macro-, meso- and micropores. Their BET surface areas were in the range of 426-541 m2 g-1, of which 208-319 m2 g-1 was allocated to micropores. In addition to the metals, XPS, Raman and FTIR analyses showed the presence of oxygen and nitrogen functionalities. Carbon in the X-M-C aerogels showed signs of stacking of graphene oxide sheets (14-15 nm), but also a low degree of graphitization and a large number of defects. This work provides a direct, inexpensive method for the preparation of fibrous metal-, oxygen- and nitrogen-doped carbon aerogels with potential for catalytic and electrochemical applications.
DDC Class
600: Technik
More Funding Information
PP and MP acknowledge the CERIC-ERIC (proposal number 20187018) for access to experimental facilities and financial support.
NS and TI acknowledge support by the project ‘‘Materials and Processes for Energy and Environment Applications’’ (MIS 5002556), which was implemented under the ‘‘Action for the Strategic Development on the Research and Technological Sector’’, funded by the Operational Program ‘‘Competitiveness, Entrepreneurship and Innovation’’ (NSRF 2014–2020) and co-financed by Greece and the European Union (European Regional Development Fund).
NS and TI acknowledge support by the project ‘‘Materials and Processes for Energy and Environment Applications’’ (MIS 5002556), which was implemented under the ‘‘Action for the Strategic Development on the Research and Technological Sector’’, funded by the Operational Program ‘‘Competitiveness, Entrepreneurship and Innovation’’ (NSRF 2014–2020) and co-financed by Greece and the European Union (European Regional Development Fund).
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