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Infrarot- und Massenspektrometer-System für die dynamische Messung von Motorabgasen
Citation Link: https://doi.org/10.15480/882.1161
Other Titles
Infrared and mass spectrometer system for dynamic measurement of combustion engine exhaust gas
Publikationstyp
Doctoral Thesis
Publikationsdatum
2013
Sprache
German
Author
Advisor
Title Granting Institution
Technische Universität Hamburg
Place of Title Granting Institution
Hamburg
Examination Date
2013-08-12
Institute
Due to growing individual transport in industrial countries and associated increase in pollutant emissions, legislature toughens emission standards regularly. Automakers are therefor challenged to develop ever more efficient low-emission vehicles to take account of the public climate debate and effects of pollutants on humans and nature. Conventional exhaust gas measurement systems are limited when it comes to measuring gases other than O2, CO2, CO, NOX and total-HC or when high measurement frequencies are of the essence to resolve transient processes. Additional specialized single component measurement systems increase the already high complexity of conventional exhaust emission measurement devices.
Topic of this work was the study of all aspects of a mobile, versatile and dynamic exhaust gas measurement system, which integrates the multi component measurement systems mass spectrometer and Fourier-Transform infrared spectrometer. Analyzers were specifically modified and optimized for this application, a common sampling system was designed, and a corresponding software structure was realized. Methods were researched for the optimal adjustment of the system to different applications and for increasing system stability as well as minimizing calibration effort by measuring combustion products like CO2 and H2O and other components with both analyzers in parallel. Additionally Argon is used as some kind of internal standard to adjust and stabilize the mass spectrometer.
Measurements in the laboratory and on gasoline and diesel engines show, that limited and non-limited as well as other exhaust gas components can be detected in concentrations down to 1 ppm and with up to 20 Hz. As exemplary applications the measurement of all main exhaust gas components, the differentiation of hydro carbons, the behavior of nitrogen oxides and ammonia on a SCR catalytic converter, the detection of hydrogen in gasoline engine exhaust and the determination of exhaust mass flow rate using Helium as tracer gas are demonstrated.
This work shows the advantages of the hybrid measurement system over conventional exhaust emission measurement devices. Higher measurement frequency and much broader spectrum of detectable gas components open a very wide field of application. Lower calibration effort and compact design allow an efficient operation on a regular basis. It can be advantageous deployed to solve current and future problems in exhaust gas measurement as well as outside this field of application.
Topic of this work was the study of all aspects of a mobile, versatile and dynamic exhaust gas measurement system, which integrates the multi component measurement systems mass spectrometer and Fourier-Transform infrared spectrometer. Analyzers were specifically modified and optimized for this application, a common sampling system was designed, and a corresponding software structure was realized. Methods were researched for the optimal adjustment of the system to different applications and for increasing system stability as well as minimizing calibration effort by measuring combustion products like CO2 and H2O and other components with both analyzers in parallel. Additionally Argon is used as some kind of internal standard to adjust and stabilize the mass spectrometer.
Measurements in the laboratory and on gasoline and diesel engines show, that limited and non-limited as well as other exhaust gas components can be detected in concentrations down to 1 ppm and with up to 20 Hz. As exemplary applications the measurement of all main exhaust gas components, the differentiation of hydro carbons, the behavior of nitrogen oxides and ammonia on a SCR catalytic converter, the detection of hydrogen in gasoline engine exhaust and the determination of exhaust mass flow rate using Helium as tracer gas are demonstrated.
This work shows the advantages of the hybrid measurement system over conventional exhaust emission measurement devices. Higher measurement frequency and much broader spectrum of detectable gas components open a very wide field of application. Lower calibration effort and compact design allow an efficient operation on a regular basis. It can be advantageous deployed to solve current and future problems in exhaust gas measurement as well as outside this field of application.
Schlagworte
mass-spectrometry
infrared-spectrometry ,engine
exhaust
pollutants
DDC Class
620:Engineering and allied operations
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Infrarot_und_Massenspektrometer_System_fuer_die_dynamische_Messung_von_Motorabgasen_Schomann_1.pdf
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