Options
RUVIVAL Publication Series Volume 4
Citation Link: https://doi.org/10.15480/882.1740
Publikationstyp
Journal Issue
Date Issued
2019-04
Sprache
English
Author(s)
Herausgeber*innen
Schaldach, Ruth
TORE-DOI
TORE-URI
RUVIVAL Publication Series is a compilation of literature reviews on topics concerned with the revitalisation of rural areas. RUVIVAL Publication Series is part of the e-learning project RUVIVAL and each of the two contributions in this publication is connected to further interactive multimedia material, which can be reached under www.hoou.de. The first literature review is concerned with energy access for sustainable rural development, with a focus on distributed renewable energy for rural electrification in Africa. Access to electricity is a key mechanism for the improvement of living standards and community services such as healthcare and education, for the reduction of poverty and enhancement of gender justice. However, in 2016, 14 % of the world’s population still lived without electricity, mostly located in rural areas of economically poor areas. Off-grid and mini-grid systems are summarised under the term ‘distributed energy systems’ or ‘decentralised energy systems’ and provide a fast and cost efficient method for rural electrification. Applicable technologies include solar photovoltaics, wind power, small hydro power and energy from residual biomass. Those small-scale renewable energy systems offer significant reductions in fossil fuel combustion and entailed emissions of greenhouse gases. This paper reviews distributed renewable energy systems and concentrates on energy services for electricity generation in rural Africa. The second literature review deals with integrated decentralised wastewater treatment for rural areas with focus on resource recovery. The most appropriate and sustainable solution for wastewater management in any setting is the one that is economically, environmentally, and technically sound, as well as socially acceptable for the specific community. Centralised wastewater collection and treatment systems are found to be resource intensive and complex, especially for low density population regions with dispersed households. Alternatively, the approach of decentralised wastewater treatment appears as a sustainable and logical solution to address issues related to rural wastewater management. This paper presents a review of the advantages and limitations of various centralised and decentralised approaches to wastewater treatment and management. A sustainable solution to wastewater management in rural areas based on the concept of ecological sanitation, with focus on water and nutrients recovery is presented.
Subjects
literature review
sustainable rural development
distributed renewable energy systems
off-grid
stand-alone
rural electrification
mini-grid
renewable energy sources
decentralised systems
distributed generation
electricity
small-scale generation
ländliche Gebietewastewater management
resource recovery
decentralised wastewater treatment
source separation
sustainability
centralised vs decentralised systems
rural areas
circular economy
nachhaltige ländliche Entwicklung
verteilte erneuerbare Energiesysteme
netzunabhängig
autark
ländliche Elektrifizierung
Mini-Netzwerk
erneuerbare Energiequellen
dezentralisierte Systeme
verteilte Erzeugung
Elektrizität
Kleinerzeuger
Abwassermanagement
Ressourcenrückgewinnung
dezentrale Abwasseraufbereitung
Quellentrennung
Nachhaltigkeit
zentralisierte vs. dezentralisierte Systeme
ländliche Gebiete
Kreislaufwirtschaft
DDC Class
500: Naturwissenschaften
550: Geowissenschaften
570: Biowissenschaften, Biologie
600: Technik
620: Ingenieurwissenschaften
Loading...
Name
RUVIVAL_Publication_Series_Volume_4.pdf
Size
3.89 MB
Format
Adobe PDF