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Item type:Publication, Access status: without files , Spatiotemporal characteristics and potential drivers of global compound dry-wet eventsCompound dry-to-wet events (CDWEs), marked by rapid transitions between dry and wet episodes, pose growing socio-economic and environmental challenges. A clearer understanding of their spatial distribution, temporal evolution, and climatic drivers is essential for improving predictive capabilities and risk management strategies. This study presents a global assessment of sub-seasonal CDWEs from 1985 to 2020 using three reanalysis datasets. CDWE hotspots are primarily identified in northern North America, northern India, central Africa, and Northeast Asia, with particularly short dry-to-wet transition intervals (within 10 days) in northern North America and Northeast Asia. Temporal analysis reveals increasing CDWE frequency in regions such as Amazonia, central Africa, and the Black Sea area, whereas no statistically significant trend in the CDWE time interval is detected at any land grid cell. The El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is statistically associated with CDWE probability in tropical regions, with El Niño corresponding to higher likelihood over northern South America and Indonesia, and La Niña over central South America. These findings highlight the need to enhance prediction of such compound events to better cope with their increasing frequency and interconnected impacts.Publicationtype: Journal Article20 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Access status: without files , Evaluating the absolute eco-efficiency of food products: A case study of rice in PakistanEco-efficiency is a quantitative management tool that has widely been used to evaluate the life cycle impacts of a product system along with its value to the stakeholders. However, the existing eco-efficiency assessment approaches are relative in nature and unable to address the growing environmental challenges. Therefore, this study is aimed at developing a novel approach using absolute eco-efficiency based on the absolute sustainability concept which attempts to align the environmental impacts with the Earth's carrying capacity. An absolute eco-efficiency framework is developed based on the planetary boundary-based life cycle assessment and calorific intake considering the healthy diet reference. A case study from food sector is considered because food production is already putting enormous pressure on ecosystems. All the analyzed scenarios of rice production in Pakistan could not meet the reference eco-efficiency targets for most of the environmental impact categories. Therefore, it was inferred that the consumption and production of rice in Pakistan is contributing to an increase in the triple planetary crisis, viz., global warming, biodiversity loss, and unsustainable use of one of the scarce resources. Recommendations were made to reduce the environmental impacts of rice within limits as well as to analyze the other food products and management practices to promote the sustainable foods and to avoid the unnecessary exploitation of resources.Publicationtype: Journal Article35