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Item type:Publication, Access status: without files , Smart reactors – Combining stimuli-responsive hydrogels and 3D printing(Elsevier, 2020-05-01); ; ; ; Reactor design and development are key disciplines in process engineering. In order to keep up with modern-day production demands, new reactor concepts have to be conceived, which transcend the mere purpose of a reaction vessel. With the availability of improved fabrication methods and insight into new materials, novel process integration measures and process-adapted setups can be developed to provide a new generation of reactors. The application of smart materials allows for response-triggered actuation, which can be used in setups for self-contained process control without external input. In combination with available 3D fabrication technologies, smart materials can be integrated and adapted to the reaction system demands, to develop smart reactor concepts. Herein, we demonstrate an exemplary application of a smart reactor module for an exothermic emulsion copolymerization of vinyl acetate (VAc) and Versa® 10, a vinyl neodecanoate. The flow manipulation of the reaction medium on a preparative scale is presented by using poly(N-iso-propylacrylamide) (pNIPAM) hydrogels as temperature-triggered actuators, which are able to distinguish the course of the reaction by separating the flow of reactant from product stream during continuous operation.Publicationtype: Journal Article350 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Access status: without files , Continuous emulsion copolymerization processes at mild conditions in a 3D-printed tubular bended reactorA polylactic acid tubular bended reactor, printed by fused deposition modeling with a short and narrow residence time distribution, air-cooled, and with dead volumes below 5 vol% was integrated into a modular reaction system enabling product changes in the running system. Continuous, redox-initiated emulsion copolymerizations of styrene - butyl acrylate and of vinyl acetate - neodecanoic acid vinyl ester were successfully performed with 20 and 40 wt% monomer in the feed. Copolymerizations had an ambient starting temperature with a mean residence time of 5 and 15 min, conversions were between 81 and 99%. The resulting emulsions were stable with Zeta potential values up to –132.0 mV and no product adhesion to the reactor wall was found. A stable steady state of the reaction plant was also obvious from thermal imaging, showing an invariant temperature profile along the 3D-printed reactor. The high versatility of the reactor system was shown by a grade transition between the copolymer systems with 20 wt% monomer content.Publicationtype: Journal Article25