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    Active antenna arrays at Ka-band: Status and outlook of the SANTANA project
    This paper gives an overview on different research activities on electronically steerable antennas at Ka-band within the framework of the SANTANA project. In addition, it gives an outlook on future objectives, namely the perspective of testing SANTANA technologies with the projected German research satellite "Heinrich Hertz".
    Publicationtype: Conference Paper
      65
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    SANTANA: Advanced electronically steerable antennas at Ka-Band
    This paper presents the background, the vision, and the motivation of the SANTANA project (Smart Antenna Terminal). Recent realizations of electronically steerable receive (Rx) and transmit (Tx) antennas for satellite communications at Ka-Band are shown. In detail, the integration and packaging techniques of frontend modules, which combine the antenna, the RF circuitry, and the cooling system within one functional block, are discussed. In addition, a novel digital beam steering concept as well as a hybrid beam steering approach are addressed. It will be shown that these system concepts can be applied to large antenna arrays as needed to fulfill link budget requirements for the intended satellite communications.
    Publicationtype: Conference Paper
      79
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    Item type:Publication,
    The SANTANA Project
    Publicationtype: Conference Paper
      60
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    Smart antenna terminals for broadband mobile satellite communications at Ka-band
    This paper deals with a modular Rx- and Tx- antenna terminal featuring digital beamforming (DBF) at Ka-band frequencies. Background and vision of the project SANTANA II and recent realizations are described. Different system components are outlined covering digital baseband, RF- and IFlevel as well as software aspects. An outlook on mobile field tests, which will be reported at the conference, concludes this contribution.
    Publicationtype: Conference Paper
      42
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    Packaging of antenna modules for digital beam forming at Ka-band
    This contribution discusses the assembly of antenna modules for DBF applications at Ka-Band as they were realized within the S ANT AN A project (smart antenna terminal). The focus of the paper is on the packaging issues associated with the complex assembly task. In particular, the challenging interconnection of the antenna and the frontend multilayer, which rely on different material systems, is addressed. The packaging concept, the fabrication steps, and the testing are emphasized. Critical process parameters are studied and typical measurement results are presented. The successful realization of several modules validates the approach. (5 pages).
    Publicationtype: Conference Paper
      28
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    Far field pattern analysis and measurement of a digital beam forming 8×8 antenna array transmitting from 29.5 to 30 GHZ
    The increasing demand for mobile access to fast data services is one of the drivers for future broadband satellite systems at Ka-Band. Antennas employing Digital Beam-Forming provide fast and flexible reconfiguration required in such systems without the necessity for moving mechanical parts. The antenna presented in this paper is a circularly polarised, 8×8 patch element array, consisting of four 4×4 array building blocks. The array is used for a digital beam forming terminal (transmit system) operating from 29.5 GHz to 30.0 GHz. The circular polarization of the patch elements is achieved using two decoupled feeds and one 90° hybrid ring per element. In addition, the antenna elements are sequentially rotated to further enhance the polarisation behaviour of the array. At a time, 16 antenna elements, with hybrid ring feeds and own calibration network are integrated in one complex LTCC multilayer module. Such 4×4 building blocks can be calibrated automatically using an internal calibration receiver. This paper will focus on the far field analysis, the far field measurements, EIRP measurements and efficiency measurements of the calibrated 8×8 antenna array. First, the simulation and analysis of the array is described. In addition to far field pattern computation for different steering angles, possible retroaction of the beam steering on the reflection coefficient is analysed. In the following, the far field and EIRP measurements of the calibrated antenna array are illustrated. An estimation on the antenna efficiency is given. Different phase offsets and amplitude tapers are applied, to provide the steering of the main beam and make for sidelobe suppression.
    Publicationtype: Conference Paper
      58
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      30
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    Item type:Publication,
      43