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Item type:Publication, Access status: with files , Sustainability in urban logistics : a literature reviewPurpose: The importance of urban logistics is on the rise. On the one hand, the population in cities is growing due to urbanization processes. On the other hand, there is a significant increase in the flow of goods (e.g., a boost in online purchases). Such changes are leading cities to face social, economic, and environmental issues, which urge to be addressed. Based on these premises, this study aims to identify, classify and provide an overview of the environmentally sustainable logistics solutions for urban contexts. Methodology: This study performs a systematic literature review. First, it provides a quantitative description of the results, highlighting eventual trends; second, it displays a narrative description of the papers considered to map the current solution and of the related methodology. Findings: The study highlights the maturity and interest in adopting more sustainable delivery options in urban logistics. The selection of suitable transport means, the engagement of stakeholders, as well as the definition of norms and regulations, emerge as the most discussed and promising solutions. Originality: This study is a first attempt to classify the existing body of knowledge related to urban logistics, analysing contributions based on different axes of classification and highlighting cutting-edge solutions to propose possible research directions.Publicationtype: Conference Paper112 163 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Access status: with files , Investigating the return cost for B2C e-commercePurpose: Online sales have significantly increased, especially in the realm of the COVID emergency. For B2C e-commerce, reverse logistics is critical: it strongly impacts the willingness of customers to buy online, but it is very expensive for online players, who are striving to find ways to reduce the associated costs. This work aims to define a measure of the return cost and to investigate the main factors affecting it. Methodology: This work combines analytical modelling and simulation. The model allows to represent the reverse logistics process and to define the associated cost; simulation is used in testing the model and analysing different scenarios. The used data were collected from both primary and secondary sources. Findings: The return cost includes three main components (usage of the van, time spent by the driver to travel and to perform collection activities). The application of the model to Milan (Italy) resulted in an average unitary return cost of 2.78€. The variables impacting the most on this cost are the collection density and the travel speed. Originality: This research is a first attempt to propose a measure for the cost of B2C e-commerce returns, and to analytically investigate the variables having the greatest impact in determining such cost.Publicationtype: Conference Paper221 525 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Access status: with files , Assessing the impact of B2C e-commerce in the apparel industry: a logistics perspectivePurpose: The significance and pervasiveness of B2C e-commerce raise the question about its impact on employment under a social sustainability perspective. This study is aims to quantify the labour demand in logistics comparing the e-commerce order fulfilment process and the traditional brick-and-mortar one. Methodology: An activity-based model is developed to represent a traditional retailer that both operates online and offline within the apparel industry in the Italian context. The working time related to an average single piece of apparel has been derived for each manual activity performed along the distribution chain. Findings: Results are determined by the development of representative scenarios and the main variables affecting the employment are identified. Evidence shows that e-commerce requires more labour than brick-and mortar retail either in the traditional configuration of home delivery or delivery to parcel lockers. The decisive phase is the last-mile delivery, which requires the majority of labour time, both because of driving time and the consignment itself. Originality: The main originality of the work lies in the perspective adopted to study the employment impacts of B2C e-commerce, providing an analytical contribution to the social sustainability literature of logistics.Publicationtype: Conference Paper257 380