Unified graph-theoretic modeling of multi-energy flows in distribution systems

Citation
IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe, ISGT Europe 2025
Contribution to Conference
IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe, ISGT Europe 2025  
Publisher DOI
10.1109/isgteurope64741.2025.11305330
Publisher
IEEE
The increasing complexity of energy systems due to sector coupling and decarbonization calls for unified modeling frameworks that capture the physical and structural interactions between electricity, gas, and heat networks. This paper presents a graph-based modeling approach for multi-energy systems (MES), where each domain is represented as a layer in a multi-layer graph, and coupling technologies are modeled as inter-layer edges via a dedicated coupling layer. A steady-state solver based on a block-structured Newton-Raphson (NR) method is developed to jointly compute flows and state variables across all carriers. The proposed model is tested and validated on a realistic case study based on data from a German distribution network. The results demonstrate convergence, numerical accuracy, and consistent domain interaction, and demonstrate the method’s applicability for system-wide analysis and its potential as a foundation for future optimizations in integrated energy systems.
Subjects
Distribution System
Unified Model
Energy System
Power Grid
Distribution Network
Numerical Accuracy
Newton-Raphson Method
Gas Network
Mass Flow
Jacobian Matrix
Heating System
Modular Structure
Mass Flow Rate
Electric Heating
Block Structure
Flow Problem
Integral Operator
Energy Carrier
Steady-state Model
Steady-state Equation
District Heating Combined Heat And Power
Established Tool
Electrical Load
Steady-state Flow
Power Flow Equations
Energy Balance Equation
Supply Temperature
DDC Class
600: Technology