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    Item type:Publication, Access status: without files ,
    Interconnected network protection systems - the basis for the reliable and safe operation of distribution grids with a high penetration of renewable energies and electric vehicles
    (Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET), 2022-06)
    Lorenz, Matthias
    ;
    Pletzer, Tobias Markus
    ;
    Schuhmacher, Malte
    ;
    Sowa, Torsten
    ;
    Dahms, Michael
    Power grids are increasingly faced with the introduction of decentralized, highly volatile power supplies from renewable energies and high loads occurring from e- mobility. However, today’s static grid protection cannot manage all upcoming conditions while providing a high level of dependability and security. It forms a bottleneck of a future decarbonizing grid development. In our research project, we develop and verify an adaptive grid protection algorithm. It calculates situation dependent protection parameters for the event of power flow shifts and topology changes caused by volatile power supplies due to the increase of renewable generation and the rapid expansion of e-mobility. As a result the distribution grid can be operated with the optimally adapted protection parameters and functions for changing operating states. To safely adjust the values on protection hardware in the field, i.e., safe from hardware failures and cyberattacks, we research resilient and secure communi- cation concepts for the adaptive and interconnected grid protection system. Finally, we validate our concept and system by demonstrations in the laboratory and field tests.
    Publicationtype: Conference Paper
      84
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    Item type:Publication, Access status: without files ,
    Real-time inertia estimation in an inverter-dominated distribution grid using a physics-informed recurrent neural network
    (Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET), 2022-06)
    Plant, Rebecca
    ;
    Stock, Simon
    ;
    Babazadeh, Davood
    ;
    Becker, Christian
    To ensure frequency stability, estimation of system inertia becomes essential in modern power grids. Growing shares of virtual inertia from inverter-coupled resources (ICRs) shift this task to the distribution grids (DGs) and introduce new challenges. Using a physics-informed neural network (PINN) to combine data-driven modelling with knowledge of system dynamics, this study presents an approach to real-time system inertia estimation in inverter-dominated DGs. Based on the PINN literature framework, a modified loss function (LF) with adaptive weighting is proposed for a recurrent PINN. The approach is evaluated on a 14-bus medium voltage (MV) DG model, featuring virtual inertia from distributed ICRs with characteristic nonlinearities.
    Publicationtype: Conference Paper
      156
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    Planning of an MVDC interconnection considering an increasing penetration of E-Mobility
    (Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET), 2022-06)
    Rose, Maximilian
    ;
    Hebbeln, Imke
    ;
    Pohl, Oliver
    ;
    Becker, Christian
    The challenges concerning the electrical grid will continue to change. In addition to the expansion of decentralized energy generators such as photovoltaics and wind turbines, the load behavior of consumers will be recharacterized. Against this background, actively controllable operating resources are becoming more important for distribution system operators for optimizing grid operations. Considering an increasing penetration of charging stations for electric vehicles, the grid can be brought to its technical operating limits. This paper presents a model-based approach for determining the influence of electric vehicles on the operational points of a medium voltage direct current (MVDC) connection. Therefore, the planning process of an MVDC in a real grid in Northern Germany is introduced. The MVDC connection is dimensioned and deployed to relieve an overloaded line in the central grid area by actively controlling power flow and providing inductive reactive power. By this, the penetration rate of charging stations can be increased by 10%. Finally, the research shows that the grid operation can be optimized with the help of the MVDC connection, allowing more distributed energy resources to be integrated into the grid.
    Publicationtype: Conference Paper
      77