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Item type:Publication, Access status: without files , Machine learning approaches for intentional materials engineeringThe development of nanoporous metals and metallic composites through dealloying processes presents significant opportunities in materials engineering. However, designing multicomponent precursor alloys and establishing corresponding processing methods that yield predictable compositions and nanostructures remain a complex challenge. This article explores how machine learning (ML)-augmented computational and experimental methodologies can tackle these challenges by predicting precursor alloy compositions, final nanoporous structures, and mechanical properties, while integrating ML-enabled autonomous experimentation for material design and quantification. We highlight recent advancements in applying ML to nanostructured materials design via dealloying and discuss how techniques from other nanomaterial designs can be adapted for improved control over morphological and compositional outcomes in nanoporous and nanocomposite materials. Furthermore, we explore the role of ML in autonomous synchrotron x-ray experimentation, enabling real-time feedback between modeling and experimental setups. ML-driven approaches to microstructure characterization and mechanical property prediction are also examined, with a focus on modeling and advanced imaging techniques such as three-dimensional nanotomography. Finally, this article outlines future directions for ML-enhanced materials science, emphasizing the exploration of high-dimensional parameter spaces and the incorporation of materials kinetics into processing and property evaluation, ultimately advancing the design of nanoporous structures and materials science.Publicationtype: Journal Article37 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Access status: without files , Realizing nanostructure-enabled applications through dealloyed materials(2025-05-01); McCue, IanNanoporous metals produced via dealloying have attracted significant interest due to the interesting physics surrounding their morphological evolution and how their topologically complex structure influences mechanical, optical, and electrochemical properties. Their impressive nanostructure-enabled properties—such as increased catalytic activity, surface-enhanced Raman signals, high strength, and large surface-to-volume ratio—have led to catalysts, sensors, actuators, energy storage, and biomedical device coatings with superior properties and performance. However, translation of nanoporous metals into practical applications has revealed needs for new material systems and manufacturing approaches, and consequently better predictive models for application-specific operating conditions. The goal of this issue of MRS Bulletin is to elaborate on the latest advances in emerging methods and technologies of dealloyed materials that enable new structures and form factors, machine learning-guided design and synthesis, material recovery and sustainability for scaled-up production, and stable performance in intended operational environments.Publicationtype: Review Article8 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Access status: without files , Dealloyed nanoporous materials with interface-controlled behaviorDealloying, the selective dissolution of less noble elements from an alloy, enables the preparation of monolithic macroscale bodies, which at the nanostructure level exhibit a network of ligaments with a well-defined characteristic size that can be tuned to between a few nanometers and several microns. These porous solids can be made with macroscale dimensions, and, prior to dealloying, can be shaped to form engineered components. Their surface-to-volume ratio is extremely large and their bicontinuous structure provides transport pathways to tune the surface state under control of an electric or chemical potential. These materials present new opportunities for exploring the impact of surfaces on material behaviors and for exploiting surface effects in novel materials design strategies. New experimental approaches unraveling surface effects involving small-scale plasticity and elasticity have been demonstrated. Approaches to new functional materials include electrochemical potential switching of strength, stiffness, fracture resistance, fluid sorption, actuation, and quasi-piezoelectric strain sensing.Publicationtype: Journal Article930 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Access status: without files , On the topological, morphological, and microstructural characterization of nanoporous metals(2018-01-01); The structural characterization of dealloyed nanoporous metals is a fundamental and active area of research, needed for the optimization of these structures for catalytic, electrosensing, biomedical, and mechanical functions. The prediction of properties requires identifying and quantifying salient structural characteristics, while insights into the relevant mechanisms of dealloying and coarsening can be achieved through in situ observations of structural evolution. Three-dimensional structural characterization techniques have advanced such that nanoscale quantification of topology, morphology, and crystallographic parameters are achievable, yet the field is new enough that the assessment and comparison of such parameters of different nanoporous metals are just beginning. Here, we explore the state of the art in structural characterization, focusing on nanoporous gold to exemplify the challenges, the achievements, and the potential associated with establishing an appropriate set of structural parameters for this unique class of materials.Publicationtype: Journal Article110 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Access status: without files , Mechanical response of nanoporous metals: A story of size, surface stress, and severed struts(2018-01-01); ; Nanoporous metals made by dealloying are macroscopic network architectures that can contain ∼1015 nanoscale struts or ligaments per sample. Their mechanical performance is critical to their applications as functional or lightweight high-strength materials. Testing nanoporous metals at the macroscopic scale offers opportunities for unraveling the properties of nanoscale solids in general. The central questions in this area include whether the macroscopic strength and elastic modulus of nanoporous metals can be correlated with the properties of nanoscale ligaments by the classical Gibson-Ashby equations, whether the dealloying-made network structure differs from the conventional foam metals, how network connectivity influences mechanical response, and how ligament size and surface properties affect the elastic and plastic response of nanoscale solids and that of nanoporous metals, particularly the tension-compression asymmetry in strength. This article reviews the fundamental observations of the mechanical response of nanoporous metals with a focus on gold and the emerging understanding of the aforementioned issues.Publicationtype: Journal Article145