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    Item type:Publication,
    Raster scan imaging in atomic force microscopy: new perspectives and potential of using signal and system theory
    (Elsevier, 2025) ;
    Recent advances in high-performance Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) allow real-time, atomic-scale imaging, but often require expensive equipment. This work revisits the AFM imaging technique and proposes a novel software-based solution for conventional AFMs operated in tapping mode to achieve both high-speed scans and high-resolution images using existing hardware. By treating an AFM scan as a signal modulation process, this method retrieves AFM images directly from signal demodulation. The method captures and analyzes the AFM probe's feedback signal, decomposing it into low- and high-frequency components. The low-frequency signal, representing raster scan motion, undergoes segmentation. The high-frequency signal, containing image information, is demodulated and segmented. These steps generate two sets of signals used to build the final AFM images. Validated on a standard AFM with extensive experiments at scanning speeds up to 240 μm/s, this flexible and easy-to-implementation method unlocks the potential for high-performance, affordable AFM in materials science research.
    Publicationtype: Conference Paper
      64
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    Item type:Publication,
    Study to compare different transmission procedures in the context of a robotic telemanipulation system
    Data transmission frequency and latency are crucial for haptic transparency in a robotic telemanipulation system. In this work, the different data transmission methods available for the ESP32 microcontroller are tested and compared to determine the most suitable data transmission method for a real-time telemanipulation system. This system consists of two mechanically decoupled collaborative robots with a tool detecting surface vibration. Two accelerometers connected to the ESP32 measure the vibration of both, the robots and the impact on the surface. The vibrations are then sent to a Robot-Operating-system (ROS) server. Two tests are performed: frequency measurement and latency measurement, with varying data buffer lengths. The results of the tests are then compared to determine a method to use that satisfies the system frequency and latency requirements. Most of the buffered methods satisfy the frequency requirement of the system, but only the wired transmission methods satisfy the latency requirement.
    Publicationtype: Conference Paper
      77
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    Item type:Publication,
    Simulation framework for electrical impedance tomography systems
    Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is a promising approach for monitoring chemical processes and deriving process quantities. These insights then can be used for optimal control of the process. The EIT hardware must be optimized for the specific requirements of the chemical reaction and its environment. Further influences come from the image reconstruction algorithms, which in turn are optimized for the process itself. This requires a large amount of data to be captured. We employ a hybrid approach using SPICE and COMSOL. Combining these methods we built a framework that is capable of generating simulated EIT data of a real world system enabling hardware optimization as well as algorithm optimization. COMSOL is utilized to fit equivalent circuit models to the object under study, while SPICE simulates the output signal with noise introduced by discrete hardware components. The simulation serves as a digital twin of a real system with which the generated signals are cross-validated. With this framework, we are able to simulate data, reconstruct realistic images, and optimize for any custom-made system effectively.
    Publicationtype: Journal Article
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