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Item type:Publication, Access status: with files , Techno-economic analysis of carbon dioxide separation for an innovative energy concept towards low-emission glass melting(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2023-02-22); ; ; ; The currently still high fossil energy demand is forcing the glass industry to search for innovative approaches for the reduction in CO₂ emissions and the integration of renewable energy sources. In this paper, a novel power-to-methane concept is presented and discussed for this purpose. A special focus is on methods for the required CO₂ capture from typical flue gases in the glass industry, which have hardly been explored to date. To close this research gap, process simulation models are developed to investigate post-combustion CO₂ capture by absorption processes, followed by a techno-economic evaluation. Due to reduced flue gas volume, the designed CO₂ capture plant is found to be much smaller (40 m³ absorber column volume) than absorption-based CO₂ separation processes for power plants (12,560 m³ absorber column volume). As there are many options for waste heat utilization in the glass industry, the waste heat required for CO₂ desorption can be generated in a particularly efficient and cost-effective way. The resulting CO² separation costs range between 41 and 42 EUR/t CO₂, depending on waste heat utilization for desorption. These costs are below the values of 50–65 EUR/t CO₂ for comparable industrial applications. Despite these promising economic results, there are still some technical restrictions in terms of solvent degradation due to the high oxygen content in flue gas compositions. The results of this study point towards parametric studies for approaching these issues, such as the use of secondary and tertiary amines as solvents, or the optimization of operating conditions such as stripper pressure for further cost reductions potential.Publicationtype: Journal ArticleScopus© Citations 4 119 323 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Access status: without files , Gleichungsbasierte Modellierung und Optimierung der CO2-Abscheidung aus GasgemischenPublicationtype: Doctoral Thesis68 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Access status: with files , Modeling and simulation of the start-up process of coal fired power plants with post-combustion CO₂ captureA detailed model of a post-combustion CO₂ capture plant (pcc-plant) is developed in the Modelica ® language which allows the simulation of start-up and shutdown processes. The model of the pcc-plant is coupled to a simplified model of a coal fired power plant to investigate the coupled process. To guarantee a stable and automatic operation, a sequential control for start-up and shutdown procedures is implemented in both plants. Two case studies, focussing on the pcc-plant, are subsequently performed in this contribution. In the first case study, the influence of different parameters and input variables on the start-up time is investigated in order to analyze the start-up process of the pcc-plant. The varied variables are the steam flow rate to the reboiler, the solvent flow rate and the total amount of solvent in the pcc-plant. In the second case study two different start-up control structures for the carbon capture plant are proposed and their performances are presented and compared.Publicationtype: Journal ArticleScopus© Citations 24 351 429 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Access status: with files , Dynamic simulation and investigation of the startup process of a postcombustion-capture plantCarbon capture is an important possibility to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. To be able to study the startup process of such an amine-scrubbing process, a startup model of a postcombustion-capture plant (pcc-plant) was developed in the Modelica language and validated with measured data from a pilot plant in Heilbronn, Germany. Afterward, the process was scaled up in the model to handle the entire flue-gas flow of a 875 MW coal-fired power plant, resulting in three parallel capture plants. A case study was carried out to investigate the startup process of the pcc-plant in detail, indicating that the startup time increased drastically when the plant is operating at partial load. The startup time for a cold start from the beginning of steam flow to a 90% carbon-capture rate is t = 1900 s at full load and t = 11 075 s at 15% load. The total heat demand in the reboiler of one pcc-plant is 326 GJ at full load and 370 GJ at 15% load. Other results show that the startup time increases linearly with increasing total amount of solvent and that the steam flow rate and solvent flow rate have a high impact on the startup time.Publicationtype: Journal ArticleScopus© Citations 5 268 1149 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Access status: without files , Modelling and Simulation of the Start-Up Process of Coal Fired Power Plants with Post-Combustion CO2 Capture(2018-10); Publicationtype: Conference Paper61 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Access status: with files , Optimizing the start-up process of post-combustion capture plants by varying the solvent flow rate(2017-07-04); This paper presents an optimization of the start-up process of a post-combustion carbon capture plant (PCC-plant) by varying the solvent flow rate. In a first optimization run the start-up time is minimized. In a second optimization run the overall carbon capture rate during the start-up process is maximized. The results show the great potential of the optimization, as the start-up time can be reduced from Dt = 4650s in the reference case to Dt = 2840s in the optimized scenario.Publicationtype: Conference Paper227 260 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Access status: with files , Dynamic behavior of coal-fired power plants with postcombustion CO₂ captureThe combined operation of postcombustion CO₂ capture and a power plant is a complex process with significant mutual interactions. Although the application of CO₂ capture imposes an efficiency penalty on the power plant, it also provides the opportunity to operate the power plant in a more flexible way. To analyze this process, a detailed model of a postcombustion capture plant is developed and validated with measurement data. Afterward, the model is coupled to the model of a hard coal-fired power plant to study the effects of a joint operation. In a case study scenario, the steam extraction of the carbon capture plant is reduced by 50% to increase the power generation of the power plant. The results indicate that it is possible to provide primary frequency control by using this mode of operation.Publicationtype: Journal ArticleScopus© Citations 22 521 1128