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Item type:Publication, Access status: without files , Expansion planning at container terminalsContainer terminals are highly complex systems where various processes need to interoperate smoothly in order to offer the required level of service at competitive prices. Hence, with changing logistics network structures, higher expected service standards, and increasing transportation demands, container terminals continuously need modification. When resources at a terminal get scarce, an expansion provides additional space, e.g. to improve superstructure and/or to increase the yard size. The presented literature review examines the process of expansion: With which methods and tools are the expansion plans developed and which requirements are inherent to expansion projects? Here, the perspective of both industry and academia on this planning problem is of interest. The examined literature suggests that throughout the project many factors influence the final result. The first draft often changes several times before a project is completed. This is reflected in the tools which are used to create valuable input at intermediate steps during the planning phase, such as layout design tools, ship handling simulators, and logistics simulation. Logistics simulation is the only reported quantitative method to estimate future operation characteristics. The link between the different software solutions remains weak – for each a representation of the container terminal needs to be kept up to date. Hence, in future the coupling of simulation with other software tools seems promising.Publicationtype: Conference Paper279 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Access status: without files , Literature Classification on Container Transport Systems for Inter-Terminal Transportation(Springer, 2020); ; ; ; The upward trend in global containerized trade is predicted to continue. In addition, increasing ship sizes, growing demand for port-centered value added services and environmental considerations are creating challenges for handling port internal traffic, also referred to as inter-terminal transportation (ITT). Container transports are often carried out by truck, which may lead to congestion in the port area. Due to increasing demand for greater efficiency and for more sustainable and environmentally friendly approaches, new transport solutions receive more attention. In order to strengthen their competitiveness, seaports consider digitalization-driven innovations and technologies and intelligent new concepts to improve the quality and efficiency of port activities, including ITT. The main purpose of the paper is to highlight different approaches to conventional means of land-based transport and future trends. Based on an extensive literature survey, a classification scheme was developed and applied to scientific publications. The classification scheme comprises a multitude of criteria, including methodology and research objective of the publication and the degree of implementation and automation of the discussed approaches. In addition, challenging subject areas that might help the discussion of the topic in the future, are identified. The findings show that solutions discussed in literature often provide conceptual and very theoretic outlines. It is particularly noticeable that the publications do not deal comprehensively with the integration into existing logistics systems. This shows research perspectives in most diverse areas including the effective process integration at nodes and edges of innovative ITT networks.Publicationtype: Conference Paper326 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Access status: without files , Investigation of vessel waiting times using AIS dataThe automatic identification system (AIS) enables authorities, shipping companies and researchers all over the world using ever better computer technologies to understand and track vessel movements. This publication focuses on analysing vessels’ waiting times for berth at anchoring places near ports using the example of the port of Rotterdam, Europe’s biggest port. The objective is to define clearly the concept of waiting, i.e. when a vessel waits and when not, and to investigate the amount of waiting vessels and the respective waiting times during a time span of more than two years, using solely AIS data. The indicated anchoring zones in front of the port of Rotterdam, where vessels wait, are clearly detected by visualizing the analysed data. The results of the conducted AIS data analysis show significant differences in waiting times between different vessel types, as well as a correlation between the number of waiting vessels and the average waiting time. The in detail described data pre-processing and statistical analysis are extendable and applicable to other regions and ports all over the world. Additionally, the presented data pre-processing approach is an optimal basis analysis of current waiting conditions and for applying machine learning to AIS data in order to predict future waiting times.Publicationtype: Conference Paper299