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Item type:Publication, Access status: without files , Fleet up-gauging when reducing flight frequency(2020-06); ; Aircraft economies of scale do exist but are challenging to capitalize due to operational, technical and regulatory constraints. This study analyses the impact of a broad, systematic fleet up-gauging on COC (cash operating cost), fuel consumption, utilization and ATFM (air traffic flow management) delay for different frequency reduction scenarios. A fleet assignment model is applied to frequency-reduced, European high-density routes to generate COC-minimal fleet assignments. Due to the long-term nature of the required fleet adjustments the analysis is based on a timeframe of 20 years (2020 – 2040). Assuming traffic and ATFM delay levels as forecasted by EUROCONTROL, frequency reduction becomes increasingly beneficial from 2030 on. Particularly, in a scenario where up-gauging is limited to single-aisle aircraft COC-and fuel consumption benefits are the highest. In 2040 approximately EUR 74 million in COC, 12 million kg of fuel and 18 million minutes of ATFM delay could be avoided on the assessed routes. Up-gauging the fleet into the twin-aisle segment yields further ATFM delay reductions but increases COC and fuel consumption. The potential market entry of a NMA (new midsize airplane) could further increase the economic and ecologic attractiveness of up-gauging resulting from a frequency limit.Publicationtype: Conference Paper105 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Access status: without files , Inverse aircraft design for market disruption(2020-06); The Inverse aircraft design method is a novel aircraft design method that uses a target operating cost to produce and evaluate an aircraft design. The inverse aircraft design method consists of a series of models that when evaluated in series, produce a geometric description, mass distribution and competitiveness index of the design aircraft. In a multi-disciplinary optimization loop, design variables describing the aircraft’s aircraft to energy cost ratio and mass distribution can be varied to maximize performance and captured market share for a target operating cost. It differs from other design methods in that the mission parameters are a result of the method, rather than an input. Hence the method is "inverted" from traditional methods.Publicationtype: Conference Paper88 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Access status: with files , Development of a model to calculate and optimize hypersonic aircraft trajectories with respect to engine gaseous emissions(2020-06); ; A methodology is presented to simulate and optimize 4D trajectories for hypersonic airliners. The software tool is embedded in MATLAB and represents a further development of the Trajectory Calculation Module (TCM) which was developed by the DLR Institute of Air Transportation Systems. This simulation model is divided into a performance module which deals with the prediction of the aircraft’s vertical flight path as a function of given airspeeds, altitudes and the selected thrust settings (VNAV) as well as a lateral navigation module to determine the aircraft’s lateral flight path by detecting route waypoints and, if necessary, initiating curve flights (LNAV). The scientific contribution of this study is to point out trade-offs between gaseous emissions and flight altitude so that the VNAV will be - based on the minimization of a weighted cost function 𝑱 - optimized iteratively with respect to ecological (e.g. emission-optimized) or economic (e.g. fuel-optimized) objectives. This work was done in the context of the European Union project STRATOFLY.Publicationtype: Conference Paper68 69 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Access status: without files , The impact of a new mid-range aircraft with advanced technologies on air traffic emissions and climateAviation is currently undoubtedly facing the deepest crisis ever. However, the industry is expected to return to its long-term growth trend with or without a certain offset from its historic trend line. Thus, the greening of air transport remains an important challenge, and technological and operational solutions need to be found as soon as possible. This includes the development of aircraft which make use of advanced technologies with improved environmental performance, as investigated in DLR’s project ATLAs. In this study we present research results on emission changes of a new advanced technology mid-range aircraft on fleet and global level and the corresponding implications on climate. The technologies under investigation are CO2-managed cabin, hybrid laminar flow control as well as functional-driven moveables for load alleviation. The approach combines the calculation of emission inventories for various technology combinations with an established climate response model. The results indicate that the implementation of the three mentioned technologies in a new mid-range aircraft with an expected Entry into Sevice in 2028 has the potential to reduce the fuel consumption in a representative airline sub-fleet by up to 7% and to reduce NOx emissions by even up to 12%, depending on how the technologies are combined. As a consequence, the climate impact can be reduced by up to 7.7%, taking the effects from CO2, H2 O, NOx and contrail cirrus into account.Publicationtype: Conference Paper121