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Item type:Publication, Access status: without files , An inline fuel mixture monitoring system based on microwave permittivity measurements(IEEE, 2026-04-07); ; ; ; The maritime industry faces significant pressure to reduce CO2 emissions by up to 80% by 2050, as mandated by the “FuelEU Maritime” initiative of the European Union. Blending conventional fossil fuels with renewable drop-in fuels, such as hydrotreated vegetable oils (HVO), offers a viable medium-term solution. This letter presents a sensor system based on four cylindrical cavity resonators to monitor these mixing processes in real-time. By measuring the relative permittivity and applying an extended Clausius-Mossotti model, the system determines the mixing ratio within the fuel circulation loop of a marine engine. Experimental validation using a reduced-scale setup demonstrates a high accuracy with a maximum deviation of 4.5% compared to flow-rate sensors. The system effectively detects supply blockages, thereby providing a robust solution for ensuring compliance for possible regulations in maritime fuel systems.Publicationtype: Journal Article48 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Access status: without files , Low-Weight Noninvasive Heart Beat Detector for Small Airborne VertebratesIn this letter, a low-weight and low-power noninvasive ECG heart beat detector for pulse analysis in small vertebrates is proposed and verified on bats. To achieve this low weight, the ECG front end is optimized for low space requirements and low energy consumption, drawing only 30 μA. The complete system, including the system on chip for recording and wireless data transmission, requires 3.3 mA in active mode. Since only a small battery with a weight of 0.6 g is used, this low power consumption is necessary to still be able to reach a continuous measurement time of more than 6 h. Compared to other solutions, this newly proposed system gathers data via noninvasive electrodes while still achieving a high signal quality and, at the same time, is light enough to allow airborne measurements without affecting the animal's behavior.Publicationtype: Journal Article90 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Access status: without files , Frequency Response of SAW Delay Line Magnetic Field/Current SensorThis article presents the frequency response of a surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor for current measurements. The SAW sensor exploits the Love waves of a magnetostrictively coated delay line. The focus of this article lies on the frequency response of the sensor, which shows a very wide bandwidth. The delay time τD is the time an acoustic wave needs to traverse the delay line. Since the acoustic wave is modulated during the whole duration of the delay line crossing, τD is comparable to the integration time of a sample-and-hold device. The signal measured with the SAW sensor is averaged over the delay time. Therefore, undersampling behavior occurs for signal frequencies approaching 1D. A mathematical model of their frequency response up to several megahertz was developed and compared with measurements of two SAW sensors with different delay line lengths.Publicationtype: Journal Article35