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Item type:Publication, Access status: with files , “The influence of electrification scenarios in road transport on the climate targets”The transport sector accounts for about 22% of Germany's greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and is amongst the most difficult parts of the energy system to decarbonize. The most commonly discussed options for the transport sector are the electrification of drivetrains and the use of renewable fuels. Especially in road transport, the future development depends on millions of individual purchase decisions, which introduces significant uncertainty regarding the speed and extent of electrification. Against this background, this study generates possible ramp-up curves for battery electric vehicles (BEV) using well-established diffusion models, historical vehicle stock data, data for BEV in Germany and literature expectations for future development trends concerning the electrification in road transport. These ramp-up curves are integrated into the vehicle stock in order to investigate the impact of different ramp-ups of BEV on the legal framework and GHG emission reduction obligations in the transport sector. The results show that the energy demand (and its composition) of the sector is strongly influenced by the degree of electrification in road transport. However, even with high shares of BEV in the vehicle stock, a significant use of renewable fuels will be necessary to meet the regulatory framework conditions under the Renewable Energy Directive (RED), the German GHG quota and the German Climate Change Act (KSG) in order to realize both blending quotas and absolute GHG emission reductions according to the German sector targets for transport.Publicationtype: Journal Article28 15 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Access status: with files , Future projections of Germany's car fleet - Development of a stock-flow cohort model under CO2 performance standards and effects on annual fleet composition, energy demand and emissions(Elsevier, 2026-01-02); ; ; ; Publicationtype: Journal Article24 21 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Access status: with files , Federal transformation costs of e-mobility in Germany: Effectiveness and efficiency of EV incentives between 2015 and 2023(Elsevier, 2025-05-01); ; ; 32 73 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Access status: without files , Erneuerbare Energien im Mobilitätssektor(Springer, 2025-04-26); ; ; ; Die Integration von erneuerbaren Energien in denVerkehrssektor ist eine der größten Herausforderungen bei der Defossilierung des Energiesystems. Aufgrund des in Kapitel 2 aufgezeigten deutlich dominierenden Anteils des Straßenverkehrs am Endenergieverbrauch des Mobilitätssektors wird im Folgenden auf die wichtigsten Technologien zur Defossilierung des selbigen eingegangen. Im Fokus steht dabei, als derzeit mit Abstand wichtigste Beitrag, die Nutzung von elektrischer Energie, welche bei Erzeugung auf Basis regenerativer Energien einen emissionsfreien Betrieb von insbesondere Personenkraftfahrzeugen ermöglicht.Publicationtype: Book Part15 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Access status: without files , Erneuerbare Energien in Deutschland 2024(Springer, 2025-04-25); ; ; ; Die Herausgeber bieten eine Zusammenstellung der Nutzung des erneuerbaren Energieangebots in Deutschland im Jahr 2024. Zuerst ist die energiewirtschaftliche Gesamtsituation dargestellt und anschließend der aktuelle Stand der Nutzung der regenerativen Energien in Deutschland, einschließlich der wichtigsten Entwicklungen. Sowohl die Optionen zur primären Strom- und Wärmebereitstellung - einschließlich der Möglichkeiten einer KWK – als auch die Varianten einer Bereitstellung alternativer / erneuerbarer Kraftstoffe für den Verkehrssektor sind diskutiert. Darüber hinaus sind die Perspektiven marktbestimmender Technologien innerhalb der Sektoren Strom, Wärme und Mobilität analysiert. Das Buch bietet außerdem kurze Einblicke in das existierende und das potenziell zukünftige legale Regelwerk, die Integration der erneuerbaren Energien in unser Wirtschaftssystem sowie die sie determinierenden ökonomischen Rahmenbedingungen.Publicationtype: Book43 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Access status: with files , Aboveground hydrogen storage : assessment of the potential market relevance in a carbon-neutral european energy system(Elsevier, 2024-04-15); ; ; ; Hydrogen storage is expected to play a crucial role in the comprehensive defossilization of energy systems. In this context, the focus is typically on underground hydrogen storage (e.g., in salt caverns). However, aboveground storage, which is independent of geological conditions and might offer other technical advantages, could provide systemic benefits and, thereby, gain shares in the hydrogen storage market. Against this background, this paper examines the market relevance of aboveground compared to underground hydrogen storage. Using the open-source energy system model and optimization framework of Europe, PyPSA-Eur, the influence of geological independence, storage cost relations, and technical storage characteristics (i.e., efficiencies) on mentioned market relevance of aboveground hydrogen storage are investigated. Further, the expectable market relevance based on current cost projections for the future is assessed. The studies show that in terms of hydrogen capacities, aboveground hydrogen storage plays a considerably smaller role compared to underground hydrogen storage. Even when assuming comparatively low aboveground storage cost, it will not exceed 1.7% (1.9 TWhH2,LHV) of total hydrogen storage capacities in a cost-optimal European energy system. Regarding the amounts of annually stored hydrogen, aboveground storage could play a larger role, reaching a maximum share of 32.5% (168 TWhH2,LHV a-1) of total stored hydrogen throughout Europe. However, these shares are only achievable for low cost storage in particularly suited energy system supply configurations. For higher aboveground storage costs or lower efficiencies, shares drop below 10% sharply. The analysis identifies some especially influential factors for achieving higher market relevance. Besides storage costs, the demand-orientation of a particular aboveground storage system (e.g., hydrogen storage at demand pressure levels) plays an essential role in market relevance. Further, overall efficiency can be a beneficial factor. Still, current projections of future techno-economic characteristics show that aboveground hydrogen storage is too expensive or too inefficient compared to underground storage. Therefore, to achieve notable market relevance, rather drastic cost reductions beyond current expectations would be needed for all assessed aboveground hydrogen storage technologies.Publicationtype: Journal Article37 185 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Access status: without files , 43 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Access status: without files , Development of European Road-Based MobilityThe document provides a comprehensive analysis of the latest advancements in defossilization of the transport and mobility sector. It highlights progress in biofuels, e-mobility, and hydrogen and discusses the economic and technical challenges faced in the adoption of these technologies. The paper offers insights into the potential future developments and the impact of policy changes on decarbonization of the transport sector.Publicationtype: Book part14 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Access status: without files , CO₂ Transport and Storage OptionsSince the onset of industrialization, humanity has been releasing increasing amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere due to the use of fossil fuels. CO2 is a greenhouse gas that significantly impacts the global climate when concentrated in the atmosphere. To limit global warming to below 2°C compared to pre-industrial levels, as outlined in the 2015 Paris Climate Agreement, greenhouse gas emissions—especially CO2 from fossil fuels—must be drastically reduced. In addition to replacing fossil fuels with renewable energy sources, strategies like carbon capture and storage (CCS) or carbon capture and utilization (CCU), collectively known as CCUS, offer ways to mitigate CO2 emissions. As new applications for CO2 are expected to emerge, and as the volume and transport distance of CO2 will likely increase in the future, there is an urgent need to further develop the global CO2 infrastructure. A suitable infrastructure must be designed to handle the specific characteristics of CO2, including transportation methods and facilities for conditioning and intermediate storage. Therefore, first the key properties of CO2 are presented and then the current state and future advancements in CO2 conditioning, storage, and transportation are reviewed. Finally, scenarios are created to compare different CO2 logistics chains, evaluated from a techno-economic perspective, followed by an outlook on future developments and concluding remarks.Publicationtype: Book part44 - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Item type:Publication, Access status: with files , European road transport policy assessment: a case study for Germany(Springer, 2022-09-15); ; ; ; In the EU, the transport sector is the only sector with increasing GHG emissions compared to 1990. While harmful emissions have decreased due to successful regulation, transport performance, fossil fuel consumption and thus CO2 emissions have continued to increase, despite powertrain efficiency improvements. Meaningful regulation, which can be market-based (MBI) and non-market-based (NMBI) by nature, is needed to meet climate targets. To understand the mechanisms, effects and limitations of MBI and NMBI, this study investigates and evaluates selected regulations in the German road transportation sector until 2020. Therefore, this study identifies, describes, and categorizes environmental policy instrument types. Based on this step, selected instruments in the road transportation sector are identified by their type and implemented policies are described and assessed. Furthermore, an assessment methodology is developed to evaluate and score target achievement, cost-efficiency and practical feasibility by linking the outcomes of instruments to its goals. Based on the findings of this assessment, conclusions and recommendations are developed and discussed. Finally, results and general properties of policies and their type of instruments are extrapolated, and general statements about market and non-market-based instruments in a broader context for future regulation and market designs are projected. The study discovers that fuel producers and distributors, vehicle manufacturers and sellers are directly regulated by non-marked-based instruments, despite the EU Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS). On the customer side, primarily market-based implemented except for low-emission zones, which are direct regulations. The study finds that holistic representation and realistic internalization of external effects in a market is complex and will never be complete. Still, sufficient representation can be enough to drive transformation in the transport sector. The CO2 price itself is not sufficiently representing the consequential costs of climate change induced by road transport, but it helps to make low-carbon alternatives economically viable. Overall, the study finds that most implemented regulations in the German road transport sector were successful in relation to their goals.Publicationtype: Review ArticleScopus© Citations 3 87 282